Gambaran Pola Makan dan Pengetahuan Sindrom Metabolik pada Kelompok Dewasa

Abstract

Abstract

Adult age is a productive age that requires optimal nutrients for life and activity. In adulthood there is an increase in risk factors for the incidence of non-communicable diseases. The purpose of the study was to analyze the description of nutritional status and knowledge of the metabolic syndrome among teachers in Gorontalo Regency. The type of research was used a descriptive survey. Sampling was taken by accidental sampling. Data collection includes knowledge of nutrition, diet (frequency, type and amount of food) and socioeconomic. Food consumption data was collected by asking how many times in the last 1 month the samples  consumed food sources of carbohydrates, protein, fat, vegetables and fruit. The results showed that most of the respondents were female (69.6%), age category 19-68 years, nutritional status of obesity 56.5%, knowledge of obesity in good category 82.6%, knowledge of hypertension in sufficient category 72.8%, knowledge of diabetes mellitus category sufficient 60.9%, socioeconomic based on the level of income category less 53.3%. The description of staple food consumption in the frequent category was 25.0% and the type of food often consumed was rice, the consumption of animal protein was 26.1%, the frequent category with food consumption was chicken meat, the consumption of vegetable protein 60.9% in the frequent category with the consumption of the type of food was tofu., 40.2% vegetable consumption in the frequent category with vegetable consumption of kale, fruit consumption 14.1% in the frequent category with banana consumption, fat consumption 48.9% in the frequent category with coconut oil consumption. It was concluded that the incidence of obesity tends to be high, with sufficient knowledge and low eating habits of vegetables and fruit.

Keywords; nutritional status, knowledge; food consumption

Abstrak

Usia dewasa merupakan usia produktif yang membutuhkan zat gizi optimal untuk kehidupan dan aktivitas. Pada usia dewasa terjadi peningkatkan faktor risiko kejadian penyakit tidak menular. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis gambaran status gizi dan pengetahuan mengenai sindrom metabolik pada guru di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei deskritif. Pengambilan sampel secara accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data meliputi, pengetahuan gizi, pola makan (frekuensi, jenis dan jumlah makanan) dan sosial ekonomi. Data konsumsi pangan dikumpulkan dengan cara menanyakan berapa kali dalam 1 bulan terakhir mengkonsumsi makanan sumber karbohidrat, protein, lemak, sayur dan buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden perempuan (69,6%), kategori usia 19 – 68 tahun, status gizi obesitas 56,5%, pengetahuan tentang obesitas kategori baik 82,6%, pengetahuan hipertensi kategori cukup 72,8%, pengetahuan diabetes mellitus kategori cukup 60,9%, social ekonomi berdasarkan tingkat pendapatan kategori kurang 53,3%. Gambaran konsumsi makanan pokok kategori sering 25,0% dan jenis makanan yang sering dikonsumsi adalah nasi, konsumsi protein hewani 26,1% kategori sering dengan konsumsi pangan adalah daging ayam, konsumsi protein nabati 60,9% kategori sering dengan konsumsi jenis pangan adalah tahu, konsumsi sayuran 40,2% kategori sering dengan konsumsi jenis sayur kangkung, konsumsi buah - buahan 14,1% kategori sering dengan konsumsi jenis buah pisang, konsumsi lemak 48,9% kategori sering dengan konsumsi minyak kelapa. Disimpulkan bahwa kejadian obesitas cenderung tinggi, pengetahun cukup dan kebiasaan makan rendah sayur dan buah.

Kata kunci: status gizi; pengetahuan; pola konsumsi